Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. The pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has more specific symptoms: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes lumbar in nature, fetal feces, nausea and vomiting.
Diet of pancreatitis is one of the main directions in the treatment of pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the duration of the disease. It is necessary to maintain a medical diet for several months.
General principles
In pancreatic pancreatitis, nutrition should be economical. Basic principles of diet:
- Retail meals - small portions of food should be taken five to six times a day;
- Facilitates the process of digestion of food, foods should be crushed;
- Permitted cooking methods - steaming and boiling;
- Fresh fruits and vegetables are completely banned, p. a. not cooked;
- the permissible daily amount of salt does not exceed 5 grams;
- It is obligatory to take infusions and decoctions of rose hips;
- The dishes offered on the table should be warm - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- Canning, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of diet can lead to pancreatitis.
Permitted and prohibited products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the burden on the inflamed gland, it should be completely removed from the patient's diet:
- Soups with rich meat, fish and mushroom broth, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread today is baked goods made from wheat / rye flour, hard cakes and pastries, deep-fried pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausage, by-products, canned and smoked meat.
- A fish. Fatty varieties, smoked, salted are prohibited.
- High-fat milk and lactic acid products.
- Cereals - barley, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard-boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnips, radishes, garlic, peppers, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Bitter sweets.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved foods. It is:
- dried bread, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soup with the addition of mashed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, squash, carrots - noodles, semolina or oats;
- lean meat - in the form of chicken, rabbit, turkey - steam cutlets, soufflé, dumplings, meat stroganoff;
- low-fat fish varieties - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oats, semolina, rice - used to make cereals, casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelet without yolk;
- vegetables - potatoes, squash, beets, squash, cauliflower, carrots, green beans;
- sweet fruits and berries mousse, jelly, puddings, baked apples;
- sauces - cooked with milk and vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not fried);
- oils and vegetable oils;
- weak tea with lemon, still mineral water, rosehip juice, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what to recommend a diet for patients with acute forms of inflammation, then this treatment table is 5P. During the first two or four days, the person is offered a complete fast. Only liquids are allowed - rosehip decoction, borjomi (non-carbonated), weak tea. The patient then undergoes diet therapy. Salt-free but carbohydrate-rich foods are allowed on the menu.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam omelet on proteins;
- dog souffle;
- fish and meat dumplings;
- fresh soup - rice and oats - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- crushed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oats;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- wild rose berries, cranberries, black currant fruit drinks;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and its products;
- grain pudding.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of melted honey, prunes and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When creating a menu for a week, it is important to remember that the patient's diet should be varied. You can use the following suggestions when developing a menu for a patient for a week.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beets and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and rosehip decoction, steamed omelet without yolks, weak tea with cookies, crushed oats and fruit jelly, pumpkin porridge. Rose hip drink, cookies and cheese, rose porridge, buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-cooked rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apples stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apples with sugar.
Vegetarian soups are allowed for lunch, such as borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-cooked rice, boiled beef, a casserole of cheese, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, and saute. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, vegetable rolls, fresh fruit jelly, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, sandwich with butter and a piece of cheese, mashed beans.
Dinner: boiled apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, dumplings, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented boiled milk and low-fat rice, rice.
Alternative meals, you can create a weekly "delicious" menu that provides the sick person's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas receives a minimal food load. Below you will find recipes for some of the dishes.
Nutrition for a combined course of gastritis or cholecystitis and pancreatitis
If the main disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, the menu includes:
- slimy soup made from rice, oats or semolina;
- It is strictly forbidden to add crushed porridge, boiled water, milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- boiled meat, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include crushed soup made from oats, rice and semolina, mixed with egg yolk and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beets - milk or sour cream. , steamed soufflé, cutlet, etc. from minced meat and fish. b.
The severe option is recommended only in the acute phase of the disease. Once the condition is stabilized, the person will switch to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The main principles of children's diets are fragmentation, maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Frequent small portions prevent the child from going hungry. In this case, there is no disruption of the metabolic process.
Daily caloric intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. In remission, fresh vegetables and fruits are allowed on the menu (in limited quantities), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced foods - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without meat, fish - boiled. or cooked, boiled vegetables, dairy products. Marshmallows, marmalade, jam, jam, honey are allowed in small amounts and daily.
An important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you a few recipes for dishes with a diagnosis of pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Grind the boiled beef pulp (130 g) in a blender jar. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg whites, yolks and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Grease the form with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a double boiler.
Fish dumplings
Chop lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of a loaf of bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread, mix with the minced meat, add a couple of chopped proteins. Add salt and mix thoroughly. Make small balls with two spoons and boil in salted water until cooked. It takes about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until fully cooked potatoes (2 pieces), carrots and half a small squash. Pour the broth into a separate bowl and blend the vegetables with a blender until smooth. Pour the puree with broth and bring to a boil until desired consistency. Bake for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a spoonful of sour cream.
Fish pudding
The carcass of the fish should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and rub it through a sieve. Chop the second part in a meat grinder. Combine the two masses and add the egg yolk, butter and salt. knead. Divide into portions and steam.
Chicken souffle
Chop the cooked chicken in a meat grinder. Add egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. mix thoroughly. Then we add whipped whites to the soft foam. We put the mass into a mold and steam it.
Banana dessert
Melt 2 packs of gelatin according to the instructions. Then add 250 ml of natural yogurt. Cook a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place the foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Layer the dessert - cookie crumbs, yogurt with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Alternative layers. Put the dessert in the refrigerator and the net will freeze.
Adherence to the principles of diet in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving stable and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be varied and fully meet all the needs of the body.